Cellular activation is a necessary, but not a sufficient, condition for in situ proliferation of stem cells. Cells are highly proliferative when transplanted into a three-dimensional biological scaffold and the physical properties of the microenvironment determining the rate of proliferation and differentiation kinetics. Activated cells will continue to cycle for a week or more if delivered in a suitably designed implant that encourages cellular proliferation, delays differentiation, and promotes migration and engraftment into the injured tissue at an appropriate time.

NanoMesh is a nanoengineered biological scaffold where the performance characteristics are determined at the time of preparation according to the patient’s body chemistry and the intended therapeutic application. By sustaining cellular replication for a week or more, the effective delivered cell dose is increased a few orders of magnitude thereby eliminating the problem of sub‑therapeutic dosing.

At the time of administration the physician can request that additional agents be added to the NanoMesh implant for controlled release into the target tissue. These may include therapeutic drugs, agents that modify the extracellular matrix, trophic molecules or cellular protective agents such as anti-oxidants and ion channel antagonists, all of which are administered directly into the target microenvironment as the implant degrades.

Each formulation is tested to ensure its capacity for particular cell populations and to ensure a predictable degradation rate in the tissue where it is implanted.